Fabrication of Conductive Polyurethane by using Silica Nanoparticles
Abstract
Plastic is a type of organic polymer material that can be shaped or molded as per the required applications. They are characterized by resistance to corrosion, electrical conductivity, malleability, colors, transparency, durability, and cost. One of the important parameter is electrical conductivity of plastic to weight ratio. By adding additives to plastics the electrical properties are manipulated as per application. This work reports the development of conducting polyurethane for electronic applications It includes synthesis of silica nanoparticles using sol-gel process and its characterization using microscopic, spectroscopic results and conductivity results.
References
[2] J. A. Brydson, “Polyethylene”, in Plastic Materials, 6th ed, Oxford, Elsevier, 2013, pp. 201.
[3] Paul F. Mastro, “Introduction to Plastics Materials”, in Plastics Production Design, reprint, Massachusetts, Scrivener Publishing, 2016, pp. 3-4.
[4] Anu Marr Ealias & MP Saravanakumar, “A review on the classification, characterization, synthesis of nanoparticles and their application”, IOP Publishing, Vol: 263, 2017.
[5] S Johames Bott, Angela Starmer and Rooland Franz, “Migration of Nanoparticles from Plastic Packing Material Containing Cabon black into Foodstuffs”, Vol 31, No.10, August 4, 2014.
[6] Stober W, Fink A & Bohr E, “Controlled growth of monodisperse silica spheres in the micron size range”, Vol: 26, pp. 62-69, Jan 1968.
[7] Usama Zulfiquar, Tayyab Subhani, S. Wilayat Husain, “Synthesis and characterization of silica nanoparticles from clay”, Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies, Vol: 4, pp.91-96, March 2016.
[8] Feng Yan, Jianguo Jiang, Xuejing Chen, Sicong Tian, Kaimin Li, “Synthesis and Characterization of sillica Nanoparticles by Low-temperature Vapor-Phase Hydrolysis of SiCl4”, Industry & Engineering Chemistry Research , Vol. 2, , pp. 11884-11890, July 10, 2014.
[9] Juenger, M.C.G, & Osterag ,C. P, “Alkali-Silica reactivity of large silica fume-derived particles”, Cement and concrete research, Vol: 34, , pp. 1389-1402, August 1, 2004.
[10] Mammeri. F, Rozer. L, Sanchez. C, “Mechanical Properties of SiO2- PMMA based hybrid organic-inorganic thin films”,Journal of Sol-gel science and thechnology, Vol: 26, pp. 413-417, Jan 2003.
[11] Lijuan Chen, Zhixin Jia, Yuhan Tang, Lianghui Wu, Yuanfang Luo, Demikn Jia, “Novel functional Silica Nanoparticles for rubber vulcanization & reinforcement”, Composites Science & Technology, Vol: 144, pp. 11-17, May 2017.
[12] Savelas A. Rabb, Deborah Stanley, Lipin Sung, TIngh Ngugn, “A Study of Nanosilica Release from “Weathered” Polymer Nanocomposites at Different Temperature Using ICP-OES”, In Nanotech Conference 2014, June 15, 2014.
[13] Hadi Bahadri, Payam Hasseini, “Reduction of Cement Consumption by the Aid of Silica Nano-Particles (Investigation on Concrete Properties)”, Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, Vol 18, pp. 416-425, June 12, 2012.
[14] Teresa Diaz-Faez Lopez, Alfonso Fernandez Gonzalez, Angel Del Reguero, Maria Mator, Marta E Diaz-Garia and Rosana Badia-Lanio, “Engineered silica nanoparticles as additivies in lubricant oils”, Science and technology of advanced materials, Vol 16, october 16, 2015.
[15] Kazuhiko. Higashi, Kazuhiro Uchida, Atsushi Hotta, Koichi Hishida and Norihisa Miki, “Micropatterning of Silica Nanoparticles by Electrospray Deposition through a Stencil Mask”, Journal of Laboratory Automation, Vol: 19, pp. 75-81, Feb 2014.
[16] Usama Zulfiquar, Tayyab Subhani, S. Wilayat Husain, “Synthesis and characterization of silica nanoparticles from clay”, Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies, Vol: 4, pp.91-96, March 2016.
[17] Cai, X., R. Y. Hong, L. S. Wang, X. Y. Wang, H. Z. Li, Y. Zheng, and D. G. Wei. "Synthesis of silica powders by pressured carbonation.", Chemical Engineering Journal, Vol: 151, pp. 1-3, Aug 2009.
[18] “Tokyo Chemical Industry Co. Ltd” , http://www.tcichemicals.com/en/ap/.
[19] Changshu Hongsheng Fine Chemical Co. Ltd, http://www.cshschem.com/contact_en.html.
[20] LOBA Chemie Pvt. Ltd, Mumbai, https://www.lobachemie.com/ .
[21] Dorcheh A.S & Abbssi M,K, “Silica aeogel; synthesis, properties and characterization, Journal of materials processing technology, Vol:199, pp. 10-16, April 2008.
[22] Ramelan A. H, Wahyuningish. S, Ismoya Y. A, Pranata H.P & Munaworh H, “ Preparation of Xerogel SiO2 from roast iron sand under various acidic solution, In Journal of physics: Conference series, Vol: 776, pp. 012032, Nov 2016.
[23] Gurav J.L, Jung I.K, Park H.H, Kang E.S & Nadargi D.Y, “Silica aerogel: synthesis and Applications, Journal of Nanoaterials, pp. 23, Jan 2010.
[24] Qasim M, Ananthaiah J, Dhara S, Paik P, Das D, “Synthesis and characterization of ultra-fine colloidal silica nanoparticles, Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicience, Vol: 6, pp. 965-973, Sep 2014..
To ensure uniformity of treatment among all contributors, other forms may not be substituted for this form, nor may any wording of the form be changed. This form is intended for original material submitted to AJCT and must accompany any such material in order to be published by AJCT. Please read the form carefully.
The undersigned hereby assigns to the Asian Journal of Convergence in Technology Issues ("AJCT") all rights under copyright that may exist in and to the above Work, any revised or expanded derivative works submitted to AJCT by the undersigned based on the Work, and any associated written, audio and/or visual presentations or other enhancements accompanying the Work. The undersigned hereby warrants that the Work is original and that he/she is the author of the Work; to the extent the Work incorporates text passages, figures, data or other material from the works of others, the undersigned has obtained any necessary permission. See Retained Rights, below.
AUTHOR RESPONSIBILITIES
AJCT distributes its technical publications throughout the world and wants to ensure that the material submitted to its publications is properly available to the readership of those publications. Authors must ensure that The Work is their own and is original. It is the responsibility of the authors, not AJCT, to determine whether disclosure of their material requires the prior consent of other parties and, if so, to obtain it.
RETAINED RIGHTS/TERMS AND CONDITIONS
1. Authors/employers retain all proprietary rights in any process, procedure, or article of manufacture described in the Work.
2. Authors/employers may reproduce or authorize others to reproduce The Work and for the author's personal use or for company or organizational use, provided that the source and any AJCT copyright notice are indicated, the copies are not used in any way that implies AJCT endorsement of a product or service of any employer, and the copies themselves are not offered for sale.
3. Authors/employers may make limited distribution of all or portions of the Work prior to publication if they inform AJCT in advance of the nature and extent of such limited distribution.
4. For all uses not covered by items 2 and 3, authors/employers must request permission from AJCT.
5. Although authors are permitted to re-use all or portions of the Work in other works, this does not include granting third-party requests for reprinting, republishing, or other types of re-use.
INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS
AJCT Copyright Ownership
It is the formal policy of AJCT to own the copyrights to all copyrightable material in its technical publications and to the individual contributions contained therein, in order to protect the interests of AJCT, its authors and their employers, and, at the same time, to facilitate the appropriate re-use of this material by others.
Author/Employer Rights
If you are employed and prepared the Work on a subject within the scope of your employment, the copyright in the Work belongs to your employer as a work-for-hire. In that case, AJCT assumes that when you sign this Form, you are authorized to do so by your employer and that your employer has consented to the transfer of copyright, to the representation and warranty of publication rights, and to all other terms and conditions of this Form. If such authorization and consent has not been given to you, an authorized representative of your employer should sign this Form as the Author.
Reprint/Republication Policy
AJCT requires that the consent of the first-named author and employer be sought as a condition to granting reprint or republication rights to others or for permitting use of a Work for promotion or marketing purposes.
GENERAL TERMS
1. The undersigned represents that he/she has the power and authority to make and execute this assignment.
2. The undersigned agrees to indemnify and hold harmless AJCT from any damage or expense that may arise in the event of a breach of any of the warranties set forth above.
3. In the event the above work is accepted and published by AJCT and consequently withdrawn by the author(s), the foregoing copyright transfer shall become null and void and all materials embodying the Work submitted to AJCT will be destroyed.
4. For jointly authored Works, all joint authors should sign, or one of the authors should sign as authorized agent
for the others.
Licenced by :
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.