The use of IoT to solve Farming Problems
Abstract
As with every other field, IoT is moving into farming, providing plants with the right amount of water, nutrients, sunlight and heat. Though historically planting has always been in soil, they do not consume SiO2. Water and nutrients can be supplied if the roots are in a container of water and the plants are provided mechanical support; such hydroponics have achieved 30-50% faster growth, utilizing much less space/output, using 1000% less water and light either from the sun through greenhouses or from LEDs. Such systems have enabled the tiny country of Netherlands to become the second largest exporter of food in the world. If such technologies are exported, the world will be free from the ever-worrisome food crisis. For this research, tomato plants were grown in a coco pit mixed with perlite in four Dutch buckets and compared to the control plants grown in pots left in the prevailing environment outside and watered daily. The variables monitored are moisture, temperature, pH and nutrient levels. Data from sensors were sent to a laptop over Bluetooth. The usage of solar panels to power the system was also studied. The result indicates a 34 - 67% better characteristics for the plants grown with the modern techniques compared to the control.
References
[2] Brown, L. (1998). Food scarcity: an environmental wakeup call. The Futurist, 32(1), 34.
[3] Schyns, J. F., Hoekstra, A. Y., Booij, M. J., Hogeboom, R. J., & Mekonnen, M. M. (2019). Limits to the world's green water resources for food, feed, fiber, timber, and bioenergy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(11), 4893-4898.
[4] Chouchane, H., Krol, M. S., & Hoekstra, A. Y. (2020). Changing global cropping patterns to minimize national blue water scarcity. Hydrology and earth system sciences, 24(6), 3015-3031.
[5] M. H. Jensen, "Hydroponics," HortScience, vol. Volume 32, no. Issue 6, p. 1018-1021, 1997.
[6] G. Nikolaou, D. Neocleous, A. Christou, E. Kitta and N. Katsoulas, "Implementing Sustainable Irrigation in Water-Scarce Regions under the Impact of Climate Change," agromomy, MDPI, Cyprus, 2020.
[7] Sreedevi, T. R., & Kumar, M. S. (2020, July). Digital Twin in Smart Farming: A categorical literature review and exploring possibilities in hydroponics. In 2020 Advanced Computing and Communication Technologies for High Performance Applications (ACCTHPA) (pp. 120-124). IEEE.
[8] Van Evert, F. K., Been, T. H., Booij, J. A., Kempenaar, C., Kessel, G. J. T., & Molendijk, L. P. G. (2018). Akkerweb: a platform for precision farming data, science, and practice.
[9] Kumar, A. R., Divya, T. M., Jayasudha, B. S. K., & Sudha, P. N. (2020). Precision agriculture: A review on its techniques and technologies. Int. Res. J. Mod. Eng. Technol. Sci., 2, 1326-32.
[10] Karunakaran, Prashobh. (2014). The History of Earth The Indian Version. Vol. 3, 282 pages, ISBN-10:1420858513, ISBN-13:978-1420858518. Authorhouse, Indiana, USA.
[11] Subak, S. (1999). Global environmental costs of beef production. Ecological Economics, 30(1), 79-91.
[12] Fox, M. A. (2011). Vegetarianism and treading lightly on the earth. Food Ethics, 152.
[13] DeMaria, A. N. (2003). Of fast food and franchises. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 41(7), 1227-1228.
[14] Belasco, W. (2006). Meals to come. University of California Press.
[15] Sindhanaiselvi, D., & Shanmuganantham, T. (2020). Design and Implementation of Compact Economic Kitchen Waste Recycler Bin. In Advances in Communication Systems and Networks (pp. 837-846). Springer, Singapore.
[16] Banks, C. J., & Wang, Z. (2004). Treatment of meat wastes. In Handbook of Industrial and Hazardous Wastes Treatment (pp. 750-787). CRC Press.
[17] Sreedevi, T. R., & Kumar, M. S. (2020, July). Digital Twin in Smart Farming: A categorical literature review and exploring possibilities in hydroponics. In 2020 Advanced Computing and Communication Technologies for High Performance Applications (ACCTHPA) (pp. 120-124). IEEE.
[18] Simitha, K. M., & Raj, S. (2019, June). IoT and WSN based water quality monitoring system. In 2019 3rd International conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology (ICECA) (pp. 205-210). IEEE.
To ensure uniformity of treatment among all contributors, other forms may not be substituted for this form, nor may any wording of the form be changed. This form is intended for original material submitted to AJCT and must accompany any such material in order to be published by AJCT. Please read the form carefully.
The undersigned hereby assigns to the Asian Journal of Convergence in Technology Issues ("AJCT") all rights under copyright that may exist in and to the above Work, any revised or expanded derivative works submitted to AJCT by the undersigned based on the Work, and any associated written, audio and/or visual presentations or other enhancements accompanying the Work. The undersigned hereby warrants that the Work is original and that he/she is the author of the Work; to the extent the Work incorporates text passages, figures, data or other material from the works of others, the undersigned has obtained any necessary permission. See Retained Rights, below.
AUTHOR RESPONSIBILITIES
AJCT distributes its technical publications throughout the world and wants to ensure that the material submitted to its publications is properly available to the readership of those publications. Authors must ensure that The Work is their own and is original. It is the responsibility of the authors, not AJCT, to determine whether disclosure of their material requires the prior consent of other parties and, if so, to obtain it.
RETAINED RIGHTS/TERMS AND CONDITIONS
1. Authors/employers retain all proprietary rights in any process, procedure, or article of manufacture described in the Work.
2. Authors/employers may reproduce or authorize others to reproduce The Work and for the author's personal use or for company or organizational use, provided that the source and any AJCT copyright notice are indicated, the copies are not used in any way that implies AJCT endorsement of a product or service of any employer, and the copies themselves are not offered for sale.
3. Authors/employers may make limited distribution of all or portions of the Work prior to publication if they inform AJCT in advance of the nature and extent of such limited distribution.
4. For all uses not covered by items 2 and 3, authors/employers must request permission from AJCT.
5. Although authors are permitted to re-use all or portions of the Work in other works, this does not include granting third-party requests for reprinting, republishing, or other types of re-use.
INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS
AJCT Copyright Ownership
It is the formal policy of AJCT to own the copyrights to all copyrightable material in its technical publications and to the individual contributions contained therein, in order to protect the interests of AJCT, its authors and their employers, and, at the same time, to facilitate the appropriate re-use of this material by others.
Author/Employer Rights
If you are employed and prepared the Work on a subject within the scope of your employment, the copyright in the Work belongs to your employer as a work-for-hire. In that case, AJCT assumes that when you sign this Form, you are authorized to do so by your employer and that your employer has consented to the transfer of copyright, to the representation and warranty of publication rights, and to all other terms and conditions of this Form. If such authorization and consent has not been given to you, an authorized representative of your employer should sign this Form as the Author.
Reprint/Republication Policy
AJCT requires that the consent of the first-named author and employer be sought as a condition to granting reprint or republication rights to others or for permitting use of a Work for promotion or marketing purposes.
GENERAL TERMS
1. The undersigned represents that he/she has the power and authority to make and execute this assignment.
2. The undersigned agrees to indemnify and hold harmless AJCT from any damage or expense that may arise in the event of a breach of any of the warranties set forth above.
3. In the event the above work is accepted and published by AJCT and consequently withdrawn by the author(s), the foregoing copyright transfer shall become null and void and all materials embodying the Work submitted to AJCT will be destroyed.
4. For jointly authored Works, all joint authors should sign, or one of the authors should sign as authorized agent
for the others.
Licenced by :
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
