Smart Automatic Garden Watering System Using Soil Moisture Sensors
Abstract
This project presents a decorative automatic garden watering system implemented without a microcontroller, using only discrete electronic components on a breadboard. The system detects soil moisture using conductive probes and automatically activates a water pump when the soil becomes dry through a transistor-based switching circuit. Once sufficient moisture is restored, the pump is turned off, preventing overwatering and conserving water. LED indicators provide visual status of soil conditions, adding a decorative feature. The circuit uses simple components such as transistors, resistors, relays, and diodes, making the system low-cost, energy-efficient, and suitable for small home gardens and educational applications. The design demonstrates how analog electronics can effectively perform automation tasks without complex programming or digital controllers.
References
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331, Art. no. 06003, 2019, doi: 10.1051/matecconf/202033106003.
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